Sunday, April 11, 2010

Art & Abstraction / Art & Nature and Technology

1. Transhumanism & Posthumanism: "The use of glasses or contact lenses to correct vision is an example of a commonly employed augmentation. Yet this intervention is only correcting a deficiency, returning the individuals function to species-normal levels." What defines "species-normal levels"? Are these levels defined by potential or averages? Do these levels fluctuate as species evolve?

2. Abstract Art Now: "A better model for abstraction is perhaps the hypertext, where the line between A and B goes out in a million possible and ever more complex directions, where artists along the line from A to B find that A' or A" is a window opening onto an entire universe." This is an interesting comparison to the Altermodern Manifesto where Bourriaud uses the same hypertext analogy. He writes: "Altermodern art is thus read as a hypertext; artists translate and transcode information from one format to another, and wander in geography as well as in history."

3. Abstract Art Now: "Abstraction has been less a search for the ultimately meaningful, as I have described it, than a recurrent push for the temporarily meaningless: that is, things that are found not often in exotic realms but rather on the edges of banality, familiarity, and the man-made world." What is the "temporarily meaningless"?

4. Transhumanism & Posthumanism: "The first assertion of transhumanist thinking is a rejection of the assumption that human nature is a constant (Bostrom, 1999). There is nothing sacrosanct about nature in general, or about human nature in particular. Criticisms of attempts to modify nature as 'playing God' or as the ultimate human hubris are therefore rejected as inappropriate." If human nature isn't a constant, then what defines human nature? What are its inherent characteristics?

5. Abstract Art Now: "As I cautioned at the outset of these lectures, the less there is to look at, the more you have to look, the more you have to be in the picture." Art isn't purely optical. It's experienced physically, mentally and emotionally.

6. Art & Nature and Technology: What is the line between art and science? What makes Mel Chin's Revival Field art and not science?

Victor Vasarely

Niolc-c, Hexa-Fra, Del- Kelet, Koska-Sin, 1975


Vonal KSZ


Kezdi

Michael Heizer

Double Negative, 1969-70


James Turrell

Roden Crater, 1980-


Roden Crater, Crater's Eye



Roden Crater, East Portal, Skyspace



Robert Smithson

Spiral Jetty, 1970


Four-Sided Vortex, 1965

Charles Ray

Ink Box, 1986


Father Figure, The New Beetle

Friday, March 5, 2010

John Armleder



Larry Poons








Frank Stella



Bertrand Lavier






Treatise on Navigation / Art & the Quotidian Object

Words of the day: 
indifference (Bourriaud) and disinterestedness (Iversen)

1. "The found object shares with the readymade a lack of obvious aesthetic quality and little intervention on the part of the artist beyond putting the object in circulation, but in almost every other respect it is dissimilar. The difference is attributable to Breton's positing the found object in a different space--the space of the unconscious. . . . The contrast between the Duchampian rendezvous and the Bretonian encounter should now be clear. While the readymade is essentially indifferent, multiple, and mass-produced, the found object is essentially singular or irreplaceable, and both lost and found" (Iversen 48-50). What, then, distinguishes the quotidian object from the the readymade or the found object? 

2. ". . . Duchamp himself preferred to see his readymades as proof that art is in fact no different from anything else in the world. Instead of elevating the commonplace, this interpretation casts art off its pedestal and into everyday life" (Heartney 40). How does this compare to Bourriaud's quote: "With this radical gesture, which consists of presenting an everyday object of consumption as a work of art, the entire lexical field of the visual arts found itself augmented by a new possibility: signifying not with the aid of a sign but with that of reality itself" (146)?

3. "'When you make an ordinary painting,' [Duchamp] explains, 'there is always a choice: you choose your colors, you choose your canvas, you choose the subject, you choose everything. There isn't any art; it is a choice, essentially. There [with the readymade], it's the same thing. It is a choice of object.' . . . The beauty of indifference championed by Duchamp flies in the face of the purely retinal beauty of painting and sculpture: 'Instead of choosing something you like or dislike, you choose something without any interest, visually, for an artist. In other words, you arrive at a state of indifference toward that object" (Bourriaud 147). How do you arrive at this state of indifference? Simply by making a choice, aren't you engaging with that object? 

4. "Appropriation, with its aggressive connotations, implies competition, a dispute over a territory that could equally well belong to any one of the combatants. Insofar as the readymade implies 'giving a new meaning' to an object, or more precisely removing it from its territory or place of origin, the notion of appropriation doesn't make any sense here; it doesn't really apply. Moreover, the readymade is in essence immaterial; it has no physical importance. If destroyed, it can be replaced, or not. No one owns it" (Bourriaud 147).  Is appropriation competitive? Can it be mutually beneficial? When Sherri Levine re-photographs Walker Evan's work, doesn't this appropriation give new life to Evan's work while imbuing her own work with a past? Are either works diminished for it?

5. "Couldn't GNU/Linux be said to operate on the principle of the reciprocal readymade? It runs up against a certain fear related to being a user of technology. This fear stems from our panic at the prospect of reaching our threshold of incompetence. . . . We cannot conceive of manipulating objects beyond certain limits: the ideology of competence induces us unconsciously to refuse reading what we are not supposed to understand, operating machines without an instruction manual, making use of worlds that feel foreign to us; this is doubtless misguided" (Bourriaud 152-53). How do we overcome this threshold? Perhaps, by taking a seminar class and reading "what we are not supposed to understand" (i.e. The Radicant)?

6. "And if the mechanically reproduced image can be understood as 'disinterested,' so also might the factory-made, mass-produced object--provided that it is denatured so as to neutralize its status as a commodity intended to satisfy desire. The celebrated autonomy of the work of art, it turns out, implies the obliteration of the poet or painter in his or her medium. It is fundamentally about the displacement of one's own agency so that something other can surface. The aim is to cut through stereotype and sentiment so as to discover what Mallarme called 'a strange new beauty'" (Iversen 47). How does an artist displace their own agency? What is this "strange new beauty"? 

7. "[Hal Foster] suggests that Breton's conception of the found object anticipates Lacan's objet petit a--the lost object which sets desire in motion and which, paradoxically, represents both a hole in the integrity of our world and the thing that comes to hide the hole" (Iversen 49). Explain. Please.

Heartney, Eleanor. "Art & the Quotidian Object: The Transformation of the Readymade."
Iversen, Margaret. "Readymade, Found Object, Photograph."